Clutch is an important element in the design of the transmission of the car. It is designed to disconnect the transmission from the engine for a short period of time and smoothly connect to change gear. In addition to this basic function, the clutch also performs the function of damping gearbox oscillations and protecting transmission parts from overloading. Accordingly, the clutch is located between the transmission and the power plant.

Depending on the clutch device, there are three types of clutch: friction, hydraulic and electromagnetic. The first type of clutch transmits torque using friction force. The second is the flow of fluid. The third is the magnetic field. The most common of these is the friction clutch type. Three types of friction clutch are defined: multidisk, two-disk and single-disk. Also, the clutch is divided into: dry and wet.

Первое использует соответственно сухое междисковое трение, а второе предполагает, что работа дисков сцепления осуществляется в жидкости. В современных автомобилях устанавливают в большинстве своем сухое однодисковое. Clutch device имеет следующие элементы: маховик, сцепляющий картер, нажимной и ведомый диски, пружина, муфта и подшипник выключения, а также вилка сцепления.

Single disc clutch pattern

The flywheel is located on the crankshaft of the power unit. His role is the drive clutch. Modern cars from Germany, for example, have in their device a dual-mass flywheel. It consists of two parts, which are connected by springs. One part with a driven disc, the other with a crankshaft. The design of this type of flywheel smoothes jerks and shaft vibration. Structural elements of the clutch are in the housing. It is attached to the engine with bolts.

The driven disc is pressed against the handwheel and, if necessary, released from pressure. The pressure disk is connected to the casing using special tangential springs. They return the clutch. The pressure disk is affected by the spring of the diaphragm, which provides the necessary force. It is fixed in the case, for this purpose bolts of a thrust or support rings are used.

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The pressure dial, diaphragm spring, and housing form a unit called a clutch basket. It connects with the flywheel bolts. The driven disc is located between the pressure plate and the flywheel. The hub of the driven disc is attached to the input shaft of the box using the slot.

The damper springs, which are located in the hub, play the role of an oscillation damper and ensure smooth engagement of the clutch. Friction linings are installed on both sides of the driven disc. They are made from glass, copper, brass, rubber and resin fibers. This composition is able to withstand a very high temperature for a short time. The release bearing transmits movement between the drive and the clutch.

The principle of operation of the clutch of two discs

Two-plate clutch is used on cars that have a powerful engine. It transmits a large torque, while not changing the size. In addition, the double-clutch car increases the life of the structure. This is achieved due to the fact that two slave disks are used at once, which are separated by a spacer. The result is as many as four friction surfaces.

How clutch works из двух дисков? Одно из сцеплений включено постоянно. Это обеспечивается приводом. При нажатии на педаль вилка сцепления перемещается и воздействует на сцепляющий подшипник. Он в свою очередь нажимает на лепестки пружины диафрагмы нажимного диска. Лепестки пружины прогибаются в направление к маховику.

At the same time, the tangential springs of the pressure disk are removed, therefore, the torque is not transmitted from the power plant to the gearbox. After the pedal is released, the diaphragm spring causes the pressure disk to contact the flywheel through contact with the driven disk. Due to frictional forces, torque is transmitted from the power plant to the transmission. Such is the clutch device.

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