In their striving for perfect forms and their filling, the auto concern periodically creates new types of car bodies. In addition to a simple variety of forms for the model range, these types of structures will perform practical tasks. After all, models differ in ground clearance, the shape of the roof, the number of seats for passengers and other characteristics. All this leaves an imprint on the operating conditions.

Often, the development of one auto giant is adopted by other automakers. In this way, certain standards are formed in the industry, which later acquire their characteristics recognizable by consumers. However, there are also unsuccessful models that are either forgotten or reborn in the updated image after some improvements.

Content

• 1 General classification
• 2 Popular types of car bodies
  • 2.1 Sedan
  • 2.2 Coupe
  • 2.3 Hatchback
  • 2.4 Liftback
  • 2.5 Station wagon
  • 2.6 Crossover
  • 2.7 SUV
  • 2.8 Minivan
  • 2.9 pickup
  • 2.10 Convertible, rodster
  • 2.11 Limousine
  • 2.12 Van
• 3 Conclusion

General classification

In addition to specific distinctive features, there are common types of car bodies. They are usually divided into three-volume, two-volume and one-volume modifications.

1. For single-volume structures, the absence of those who strongly favor the overall dimensions of the trunk and hood is characteristic. Engineers love this type of body for a considerable number of possible transformations of salon space. The luggage compartment is almost combined with the cabin. Typical representatives of this version of the layout are minivans.
2. In the double-volume layout, the engine compartment is brought forward, into the engine compartment, and there is no projected luggage space behind. There is a door that opens with glass, and not the trunk lid. You can learn dvuhobjemnik wagon.
3. The three-volume body includes in addition to the cabin clearly protruding trunk and rendered engine compartment. The design has significant restrictions on the transformation of the cabin and luggage space, although a large number of three-volume sedans travel on domestic and foreign roads.

According to the degree of loading cars are divided into cars with a monocoque, semi-supporting and with a frame structure.

Popular types of car bodies

Consider the most common types of car bodies on our roads with photos for each of the varieties.

Sedan

Today, vehicles with a sedan body type have become widespread among motorists. These cars have two rows of seats and four doors. There is an isolated luggage compartment in the back, closed by a horizontal cover.

Sedan

This type of body provides more benefits to passengers. It will be quite problematic to transport in it a bulky cargo. Habitat sedans are city streets and country roads. Relatively low ground clearance will not give the opportunity to conquer off-road. Also, parking for a sedan will be more problematic at first than for a hatchback or station wagon, the dimensions of which young drivers feel more easily.

In different countries, the classification of cars by body type may have differences in names. For example, sedans in some European countries have their own names:

• France - Berline;
• Italy - Berlina;
• England - Saloon.

The advantages of this type of body include the fact that the car does not need an additional wiper for the rear window, and there is less noise from the trunk in the cabin, rather than a hatchback and station wagon.

Coupe

A three-volume car with two doors has an appearance similar to a sedan. The difference also lies in the presence of two seats in the vehicle. However, there are versions with a location of 2 + 2, but the second row is quite narrow and is not intended for long trips. The dimensions of both doors are increased, which adds comfort to the driver and front passenger.

Coupe

Cars of this type are more often equipped with more powerful engines than the sedans. Their average cost is also slightly higher. Since the buyers of such a vehicle are more often young people who prefer to use cars on good roads with high speeds, the suspension is tighter, the ground clearance of the designers is lowered, and body rigidity is increased.

See also: How to use cold welding for metal

Hatchback

The main advantage of this layout is compactness. Overall parameters for this type of car is less than that of popular sedans and station wagons. This provides easier maneuverability for the driver, especially during parking. At the same time, the design of the trunk suffers, which remains not too voluminous. There are three-and five-door machines of this design.

Hatchback

The minimum number of front and rear overhangs makes the design irreplaceable when approaching curbs or other low restrictions. Most often, these cars are produced in the budget class. For the positive qualities of the hatchback like young drivers and the fairer sex.

Liftback

The hybrid liftback design visually resembles a sedan when the rear window tilt angle is maintained and the constructional protruding horizontal line is present, like the sedans on the trunk lid. But when you open the back door rises and the glass, and the whole door together.

Liftback

The difference between him and the sedan gives the rear wiper. The advantages of the design took over from both their "parents": a huge opening for loading luggage like a hatchback and spacious trunk like a sedan.

Station wagon

Car manufacturers produce similar designs on the same platform as the sedans, so their length often coincides. The difference lies in the extended roof for the station wagon and the presence of a vertical tailgate. This layout maximizes the amount of storage space in the trunk.

Station wagon

Practical design has proven its need for life. If you need to transfer a large refrigerator or washing machine, then all the charms of this car body will be noticeable. In this case, all the doors will be closed.

Crossover

A wagon or hatchback, planted on a base with a large ground clearance and a more powerful engine, will give an idea of ​​modern crossovers. Appeared in the second half of the 90s, they are actively gaining popularity among modern drivers.

Crossover

Cars have more comfort than SUVs and are able to produce excellent power characteristics on the track. Sometimes they are called "SUVs", probably for deceptive off-road appearance.

SUV

By design, off-road vehicles are for the most part generalists, but due to such characteristics as high ground clearance, high throughput, the presence of all-wheel drive, increased power, their significant overall parameters are taken into separate categories.

SUV

Most of the SUV has a frame structure and ground clearance of 200 mm. The length of the car on narrow urban streets and limited parking places creates difficulties for urban conditions. Also, most nodes are not designed for high speed loads for country tracks. Their average cost is higher than the crossovers.

See also: How to use Yandex navigator on android and iOS in the car

Compact SUVs come with three doors; five-door are typical for full-size ones. In some models, engineers include the third row of seats. For spaciousness and throughput will have to pay increased fuel consumption and poor stability during sharp turns.

Minivan

These cars in the European or North American countries are called family. Their capacity exceeds the versatile, similar to him in design. The construction possibility of installing the third row of seats in these cars is widely used. At the same time, engineers provide for the possibility of folding the rear rows into a “flat floor”, which gives a great advantage when transporting goods compared to other bodies.

Miniven

The side door is usually made not swing, and sliding along the body. The driver is provided with a high landing with a good view, which increases driving safety. In urban environments, the minivan will not be very comfortable, but the driver and passengers on long journeys will appreciate it.

The disadvantage is a high center of gravity, which will require careful handling of the machine during abrupt maneuvers.

Pickup

A mixture of passenger cars and small trucks called pickup. Open luggage compartment with hard sides is a feature of these cars. This body model is very popular in the North American continent. Insulated comfortable cab gives you the opportunity to enjoy driving. Often it has two full rows with two or four doors.

Pickup

Designers supplied the rear of the suspension is not standard springs for cars, but more powerful springs. All-wheel drive cars are easy to cross off-road with off-road vehicles. To protect the cargo, special covers or covers of dense material are usually provided.

Convertible, rodster

Open-top cars are more popular in countries with hot climates. Although for cool weather you can pick up a convertible with a folding roof. This car has two rows of seats, but the second is usually narrowed, like a coupe.

Rodster

The roadster has a similar body structure, but these cars are produced exclusively with one row of seats. High-speed characteristics of cars with folding roofs make it possible to feel the delights of driving on country roads.

Limousine

Weak body model for practical purposes. More often performs a decorative or representative mission. A long car that is inconvenient in small city streets is distinguished by the fact that it has a glass partition separating the driver's zone from the rest of the cabin.

Limousine

The model can be produced at the factory as an independent car or as an extended version of a sedan, SUV or hatchback. The car has a low body rigidity and very weak maneuverability.

Van

Most vans have one row of seats, behind which there is a cargo compartment closed on all sides of the car body without side windows. Often the glass is in the back door. Positive qualities of a complete set of the car are high loading capacity, sufficient spaciousness, security of cargo from external factors.

Van

Negative sides can be considered as fuel consumption, poor rigidity of the structure, high center of gravity, which can lead to coups during abrupt maneuvers.

Conclusion

In modern models, clear boundaries between body types are gradually erased. Automakers mix styles and cancel the conventions that are specific to the definition of cars. As a result, more and more comfortable vehicles for consumers appear.