The current Rules of the road oblige certain categories of vehicles in Russia to equip with additional accounting devices, which include tachographs. Not all drivers are positive about this idea, but they are obliged to observe traffic rules. The fact that such a tachograph, and what it is necessary to learn in advance to properly exploit it and not violate the law.

Content

• 1 Need for a new device
• 2 Functional
• 3 Tachograph variants
• 4 Where are tachographs
• 5 Ways to check
• 6 Terms of Use

The need for a new device

The requirement of this instrument is governed by the Administrative Offenses Code of Article 11.23 and introduced since 2014. For the lack of such a system, car owners risk being punished.

A tachograph is a device for monitoring the movement of a car and storing certain data.

A small device connected to the main systems of the vehicle reads and captures important parameters:

• match route;
• compliance with the rules of the road;
• the current value of the speed mode is controlled;
• records of rest and driver’s work are kept.

It is worth knowing what else a tachograph is needed in a car. It is a guarantee of the safety of passengers, because a car equipped with such a device should not be operated by one driver continuously for more than 4 hours. After the expiration of such a period, a 40-minute break for rest must be provided or it is necessary to put behind the wheel of a partner.

At the initial stage it was assumed that the installation of such equipment on cars would serve to increase the safety of drivers and other road users, and also reduce the number of accidents. In modern conditions, the functionality of the equipment has expanded.

A digital device mounted on cargo vehicles clearly records the speed limit on all road sections. Control of the average cruising speed and operating modes of drivers is provided. This approach does not allow violations of the speed limit of the vehicle and controls the physical condition of the person behind the wheel.

It should be borne in mind that this practice of using similar accounting systems has been introduced in many countries, including the EU zone. Digital tachographs must be installed on certain cars registered after 2010. Used in the Russian Federation according to current standards, the devices are also suitable for the type.

Functional

Not everyone knows on which machine the tachograph is installed. The rules for the mandatory installation of electronic accounting systems include cars used for production purposes by individual entrepreneurs and legal entities.

The presence of an electronic auditor does not allow to twist the mileage on the car, distorting the actual values.

As the tachograph works in the car according to the algorithm established by the manufacturer, it is worth considering that the principle of its operation is concluded in using the following modules:

• mandatory node is a speed sensor that provides a fixation mode and the distance traveled;
• independent rechargeable battery that maintains the device;
• the on-board device that keeps track of the driver’s work / rest mode.

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All data is recorded on the identified physical media, to which changes are not allowed in any way.

Tachograph variations

There are two types of devices on sale:

• digital;
• analog.

They also differ in physical terms and installation location:

• round - mounted behind the speedometer in a special socket;
• rectangular - are installed in the socket of the car radio.

Analog devices are gradually being supplanted by digital devices, as they have a lower level of protection.. Only new generation digital systems have good cryptographic data.

Since 2016, legal use of only digital devices equipped with high-quality crypto protection is allowed in Russia. Analog systems are not taken into account. Third parties are prohibited from being introduced into the devices by any illegal method for correcting the data entered, since this act is punishable by law.

You can get legal memory access only with the help of special cards:

• driver type cards for work on a specific machine;
• Inspector's card for regular inspections;
• the master repairman card used to repair or make adjustments;
• special transport company card.

Other types are not provided.

Where are tachographs

To date, mandatory installation is assumed only for vehicles used exclusively for commercial purposes. If an individual is engaged in transportation in the country for his own purposes, then tachograph control in such a situation is not needed.

It is important to know that machines can be used for different purposes. When a transport with a recorder is operated in a non-commercial mode, then the built-in device must be switched to “OUT” mode. This will allow not to write auto parameters for a certain time.

The following types of machines fall under the obligatory equipment of recorders:

• bus, which is equipped with more than 8 passenger seats;
• a truck used to transport dangerous goods;
• trucks carrying a mass in the range of 3.5–15 tons

The lack of appropriate equipment in the car under the current law is punishable by fines. The administrative recovery is regulated by Article 11.23 of the Administrative Violations Code:

• officials of a company engaged in transportation are punished with a sum of 5–10 thousand rubles;
• the driver will have to pay 1-3 thousand rubles;
• 15-30 thousand rubles are charged from a legal entity.

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At the same time, there are exceptions for vehicles that may not have a recording device:

• military equipment;
• trolley buses;
• a bus intended for transportation along a given city route;
• machines belonging to the internal organs;
• self-propelled vehicles;
• loader or tractor;
• motor vehicles, whose age is more than 30 liters, and it is not used for commercial purposes;
• vehicles classified as special equipment;
• training cars.

In other cases, you will have to mount the recording equipment.

Ways to check

Proper installation of the unit involves three main steps:

• Sealing - when, after fixation, an anti-tamper is carried out in its place and the seals are installed on important nodes;
• tachograph calibration - the operation is carried out on a flat platform to measure vehicle parameters, according to which the sensor will check the working readings;
• activation - in the process of launching cryptographic tools.

It is necessary to know what an IPMS is in a tachograph, because it is a means of cryptographic protection of information or, as it is also called, navigation crypto-protection module. In fact, it is a non-volatile memory in the form of a small box, which does not allow to interfere with the process of recording and storing data.

In order to ensure the correct operability of the controlling complex, the staff of the road inspectorate has the right to monitor the apparatus. They can perform the following verification activities:

• is there a connection and is the tachograph correctly;
• whether there are damages on seals or traces of unauthorized opening;
• how the device works;
• check driver card and its testimony;
• whether the rules of the route are met.

For mounting, the traffic police officer has his own personal card, which he can insert into the device for reading data.

Terms of use

To work with the device, the driver is equipped with a special card equipped with a microchip. Its validity period is 3 years, after which it is subject to mandatory renewal. Step-by-step algorithm for working with the device involves the following actions:

• at the beginning of the shift, the driver inserts the card into the slot with the chip up, after which the monitor displays information about the correctness of the connection;
• in the next stage, the driver starts the ignition of the car and moves along the established route, and the device automatically records data;
• when stopping the driver must ensure proper operation of the device, and after turning off the ignition, the system goes into rest mode;
• at the end of the shift, the driver presses the appropriate key and pulls out the card.

Using someone else's card or operating the machine without it is strictly prohibited.