Most car breakdowns happen at the most inopportune moment, when you need to get to a certain place in time, you need to meet relatives at the bus station and in many other cases. Vehicle breakdown occurs, also due to starter failure. It seems that the car should go without any problems, all the mechanisms work perfectly, but it still does not start.

The appearance of the starter assembly

You can give the car to the service station, entrusting it to strangers, however, there is another solution that should be used if you do not want to spend time and money on servicing the unit in the service center. This is a test of the starter and its performance on its own.

Content

• 1 Causes of starter failure and the main types of faults
• 2 How to start repair work
• 3 Starter check is performed in stages
  • 3.1 Check starter as a whole
  • 3.2 Testing the retractor relay
  • 3.3 Checking anchor and brushes
  • 3.4 Check the bendix

Causes of starter failure and the main types of faults

Failures of a device that starts a car engine are classified according to the following pattern:

1. Mechanical malfunctions. Breakdown is the usual wear and tear on the device. The cause of the malfunction can be a prolonged operation of the starter, as well as the neglect of the basic rules of operation. Some mechanical damage occurs due to electrical problems.
2. Electrical malfunction. An improper power supply can cause such a breakdown. How to check the starter in this case? The answer is obvious and simple: to diagnose inter-turn closures, to trace possible burning of the working surfaces and closure plates, which can be caused by excessive current flow through the contacts.

The following symptoms of a starter failure are most common throughout the life of the vehicle:

• The starter is working properly, but the crankshaft remains motionless;
• The starter does not function (does not turn the engine of the car at start);
• The starter turns the car engine, but at the same time there is an insufficient number of turns;
• The starter continues to work after the car engine has been started.

1 - collector; 2 - back cover; 3 - stator housing; 4 - retractor relay; 5 - anchor relay; 6 - a cover from the drive; 7 - lever; 8 - lever bracket; 9 - sealing gasket; 10 - planetary gear; 11 - Bendix gear; 12 - cover liner; 13 - restrictive ring; 14 - drive shaft; 15 - Bendix; 16 - flood ring; 17 - a support of a shaft of a drive with an insert; 18 - gear with internal gearing; 19 - drove; 20 - central gear; 21 - anchor shaft support; 22 - permanent magnet; 23 - anchor; 24 - brush holder; 25 - brush

How to start repair work

In order to answer the question of how to check the starter on the battery, you do not need to have extensive experience in the field of car repair. It is only necessary to adhere to the basic rules and sequence of work:

1. The correct functioning of the starter is checked.
2. Relay check.
3. Diagnostics anchors and brushes.
4. Diagnostics of the device, which provides silent start of the engine (Bendix).

See also: Instructions for use Webasto

Starter performance check is performed in stages

Check starter in general

At the initial stage, the device is dismantled and locked in a vice. You should make sure that the device is securely fastened in a vice, but at the same time it is not strongly crushed. The contact bolts are then closed using wire cutting or any metal object taken. If the starter is functioning, it will start moving. This means that the cause of the failure is most likely a fault in the traction relay.

Starter check with battery

Intrusion relay test

The inrush starter relay is checked as follows: on one side, a relay is used on the starter case and a positive battery terminal, and on the other, the starter case with a negative terminal. If the cause is not in the relay, then the anchor will instantly push the gear out, producing a characteristic click.

Checking the pull-in relay with battery

Checking anchors and brushes

If the first two steps did not help identify the cause of the fault, you should check the starter anchor. To do this, you must apply a voltage of 12 volts directly to the starter, bypassing the retractor relay. In this way we will not be able to find out exactly what is defective - the armature or brush windings. But when disassembling the starter visually, you can easily diagnose the cause of the breakdown, plus you can resort to using a multimeter.

Checking anchors and brushes аккумулятором

Check the bendix

Check the bendix на работоспособность также осуществляется без особых проблем. Понадобится мягкая прокладка, препятствующая повреждению компонента. С ее помощью бендикс помещается в тиски. Муфта данного элемента стартера должна поворачиваться только в одну сторону. Если вращение происходит в обе стороны, причина поломки устройства заключается как раз в неисправности муфты, которую следует незамедлительно заменить.

With strict observance of the above recommendations, the starter check can be carried out quickly and without any special difficulties.

See also: Tightening the bolts of the cylinder head